Orthodontist

Orthodontists complete two to three years of additional training after dental school, focused on the growth and development of the jaws and the movement of teeth through bone. They diagnose malocclusions using cephalometric X-rays, models, and digital scans, then design treatment plans that may involve braces, clear aligners, expanders, headgear, or — in skeletal cases — coordinated jaw surgery. Although general dentists can perform some orthodontic treatment, complex bites, growing patients, and cases requiring extractions or surgery are typically handled by an orthodontist to optimise both function and long-term stability.